| Citric Acid | Vitamin C | |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Support / formulation | Key active |
| What it is | pH adjuster / AHA exfoliant | Antioxidant / brightening active |
| Flags | — | — |
Citric acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid derived from citrus fruits, used primarily to adjust and buffer formulation pH and as a chelating agent, and at higher concentrations as a mild chemical exfoliant. It can promote surface cell turnover and is sometimes included in antioxidant or brightening products.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid and its derivatives) is a topical antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals, supports collagen synthesis, and helps reduce hyperpigmentation for a more even skin tone. It is commonly used in serums for photoprotection support and anti-aging benefits.
General educational information for Indian skin, compiled from published dermatology literature and structured ingredient data. Not medical advice or a diagnosis.