| Citric Acid | Vitamin E | |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Support / formulation | Key active |
| What it is | pH adjuster / AHA exfoliant | Antioxidant / emollient |
| Flags | — | — |
Citric acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid derived from citrus fruits, used primarily to adjust and buffer formulation pH and as a chelating agent, and at higher concentrations as a mild chemical exfoliant. It can promote surface cell turnover and is sometimes included in antioxidant or brightening products.
Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a fat-soluble antioxidant used in skincare to protect cells from oxidative damage and to stabilize formulations against rancidity. It also functions as an emollient and helps support the skin barrier.
General educational information for Indian skin, compiled from published dermatology literature and structured ingredient data. Not medical advice or a diagnosis.