Citrus limonum (lemon) extract or oil is used in skincare for its fragrance, astringent, and antioxidant properties, often as a toning or brightening agent. It contains citric acid, limonene, and vitamin C-related compounds.
| Reported effect | How often | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Skin irritation | Common | Can cause stinging, redness, or dryness, especially at higher concentrations. |
Contact allergy/sensitization | Uncommon | Limonene and related terpenes are known fragrance allergens that may cause allergic contact dermatitis. |
Phototoxicity | Uncommon | Citrus oils containing furocoumarins (e.g., bergapten) can cause photosensitivity and pigmentation upon sun exposure. |
Severe phototoxic burns (phytophotodermatitis) | Rare | Marked blistering and hyperpigmentation following sun exposure after topical citrus application. |
Frequencies reflect typical cosmetic use reported in the literature, not a guarantee for your skin.