Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzymatic antioxidant that catalyzes the breakdown of superoxide radicals into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, helping reduce oxidative stress in the skin. In topical formulations it is used to support protection against environmental free-radical damage and signs of photoaging.
| Reported effect | How often | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Mild transient irritation or redness | Rare | Usually related to the overall formulation rather than SOD itself. |
| Contact allergy or sensitization | Very rare | Isolated reports; protein-based ingredients carry a theoretical sensitization risk. |
| Stinging on application | Rare | More likely on compromised or sensitive skin. |
Frequencies reflect typical cosmetic use reported in the literature, not a guarantee for your skin.