Below is every ingredient in Vitamin K + Retinal 1% Eye Cream explained, its standout actives, and the side effects reported in research for those actives — analysed for Indian skin.
Flags derived from the ingredient list using dermatology reference data (fungal-acne substrate, comedogenicity, EU allergens). General guidance, not a diagnosis.
Answers are derived from the printed ingredient list and dermatology reference data — general guidance, not a diagnosis or a therapeutic claim.
Dipeptide-2 (valyl-tryptophan) is a synthetic dipeptide used in cosmetic formulations, primarily in eye and anti-puffiness products, where it is claimed to help reduce fluid accumulation and improve the appearance of under-eye bags by supporting lymphatic drainage. Evidence is largely manufacturer-based, with limited independent clinical data.
"Improve lymphatic circulation" refers to a claimed cosmetic action—often attributed to massage techniques or topical agents like caffeine, escin, or peptides—intended to enhance lymph flow and reduce localized fluid retention or puffiness. Evidence for topical-only effects is limited, with most lymphatic stimulation achieved through mechanical massage rather than ingredients alone.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a water-soluble active that supports the skin barrier, regulates sebum, brightens hyperpigmentation, and reduces inflammation. It is widely tolerated across skin types and used in concentrations commonly ranging from 2% to 10%.
Caffeine is a topical active used in skincare for its antioxidant properties and ability to constrict blood vessels, which may temporarily reduce puffiness and the appearance of under-eye darkness. It is also studied for reducing localized fluid retention and protecting against UV-induced oxidative stress.
Glyceryl glucoside is a naturally occurring sugar-glycerol compound used in skincare as a humectant that attracts and binds water to the skin. It is also studied for its ability to stimulate aquaporin water-channel expression, supporting skin hydration and barrier function.
Phytonadione epoxide is an oxidized metabolite of vitamin K1 (phytonadione) sometimes included in topical skincare formulations marketed to support the appearance of bruises, dark circles, and visible capillaries. Clinical evidence for cosmetic efficacy is limited and largely extrapolated from topical vitamin K studies.
Aggregated from the active ingredients in this product.
| Reported effect | How often | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Localized irritation or redness | Rare | Mild transient reaction reported at application site, generally formulation-dependent. |
| Allergic contact dermatitis | Very rare | Possible sensitization to peptide or accompanying excipients; not well documented. |
| Stinging or burning sensation | Rare | Typically mild and resolving, more common on sensitive or compromised skin. |
| Transient skin redness or warmth | Common | Often from associated massage or vasoactive agents; usually resolves quickly. |
| Mild irritation or stinging | Uncommon | May occur with active agents such as caffeine or escin on sensitive skin. |
| Contact dermatitis or allergic reaction | Rare | Linked to specific botanical or active compounds rather than the action itself. |
| Bruising from aggressive mechanical massage | Rare | Associated with technique, not topical ingredients. |
| Systemic effects | Very rare | Topical application generally has negligible systemic absorption. |
| Mild contact irritation | Rare | Occasional redness or stinging, usually in sensitive or compromised skin. |
| Comedogenicity / clogged pores | Rare | Generally low comedogenic potential, but acne-prone individuals may occasionally react. |
| Mild transient flushing or redness | Uncommon | More likely at higher concentrations or in sensitive skin; usually subsides quickly. |
| Tingling, stinging, or burning sensation | Uncommon | Often associated with higher percentages or compromised barrier. |
| Contact irritation or itching | Rare | Generally dose-dependent and resolves with discontinuation. |
| Mild skin irritation | Uncommon | Transient stinging or redness, more likely on compromised or sensitive skin. |
| Enhanced penetration of co-formulated irritants | Uncommon | As a penetration enhancer it may increase absorption and irritation potential of other actives. |
Frequencies reflect typical cosmetic use reported in the literature, not a guarantee for your skin.
| Ingredient | What it does |
|---|---|
| Dipeptide-2 Key active Peptide / lymphatic-circulation support | Dipeptide-2 (valyl-tryptophan) is a synthetic dipeptide used in cosmetic formulations, primarily in eye and anti-puffiness products, where it is claimed to help reduce fluid accumulation and improve the appearance of under-eye bags by supporting lymphatic drainage. Evidence is largely manufacturer-based, with limited independent clinical data. |
| improve lymphatic circulation Key active Lymphatic drainage support / circulation aid | "Improve lymphatic circulation" refers to a claimed cosmetic action—often attributed to massage techniques or topical agents like caffeine, escin, or peptides—intended to enhance lymph flow and reduce localized fluid retention or puffiness. Evidence for topical-only effects is limited, with most lymphatic stimulation achieved through mechanical massage rather than ingredients alone. |
| Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride Emollient / skin-conditioning agent | Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a lightweight emollient derived from coconut or palm oil and glycerin, used to soften skin, improve spreadability, and act as a solvent for oil-soluble ingredients. It is well-tolerated and serves primarily as a base ingredient rather than an active. |
| Niacinamide Key active Cell-communicating / barrier-repair active | Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a water-soluble active that supports the skin barrier, regulates sebum, brightens hyperpigmentation, and reduces inflammation. It is widely tolerated across skin types and used in concentrations commonly ranging from 2% to 10%. |
| Propanediol Humectant/solvent | Propanediol is a plant-derived glycol used in skincare as a humectant, solvent, and penetration enhancer that improves moisturization and the spreadability of formulations. It also helps solubilize other ingredients and can boost the efficacy of certain actives. |
| Glycerin Humectant | Glycerin is a widely used humectant that attracts and retains water in the skin, helping to hydrate the stratum corneum and support barrier function. It is considered safe and well-tolerated across most skin types and concentrations. |
| Caffeine Key active Antioxidant / vasoconstrictor | Caffeine is a topical active used in skincare for its antioxidant properties and ability to constrict blood vessels, which may temporarily reduce puffiness and the appearance of under-eye darkness. It is also studied for reducing localized fluid retention and protecting against UV-induced oxidative stress. |
| Dimethicone Emollient/occlusive (silicone) | Dimethicone is a silicone-based polymer used in skincare to soften skin, smooth texture, and form a breathable protective barrier that reduces transepidermal water loss. It is widely used as a base/formulation ingredient rather than a therapeutic active. |
| Brassica Glycerides Emollient / skin-conditioning agent | Brassica Glycerides are glyceride esters derived from Brassica (e.g., rapeseed/canola) plant oils, used to soften and condition the skin and to improve a formulation's texture and spreadability. They function as emollients and emulsion stabilizers in creams, lotions, and balms. |
| Diisopropyl Sebacate Emollient / solvent | Diisopropyl sebacate is an ester used as a lightweight emollient and solvent in cosmetic formulations, providing skin conditioning and improving the spreadability and penetration of other ingredients. It imparts a smooth, non-greasy feel and can act as a vehicle for active compounds. |
| Maltodextrin Carrier/film-forming agent | Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide derived from starch hydrolysis, used in skincare primarily as a carrier, bulking agent, film former, and stabilizer for active ingredients and powders. It also helps improve texture and can act as a mild thickening or emulsion-stabilizing aid. |
| Glyceryl Glucoside Key active Humectant / moisturizer | Glyceryl glucoside is a naturally occurring sugar-glycerol compound used in skincare as a humectant that attracts and binds water to the skin. It is also studied for its ability to stimulate aquaporin water-channel expression, supporting skin hydration and barrier function. |
| Butylene Glycol Humectant / solvent | Butylene glycol is a small diol commonly used in skincare as a humectant, solvent, and viscosity-reducing agent that helps dissolve other ingredients and improve skin feel. It is widely regarded as safe and non-sensitizing for the majority of users at cosmetic concentrations. |
| Glyceryl Stearate SE Emulsifier / emollient | Glyceryl Stearate SE is a self-emulsifying form of glyceryl stearate used to blend oil and water phases in creams and lotions, also providing a softening, conditioning effect on skin. It functions as a formulation base ingredient rather than a therapeutic active. |
| Phytonadione Epoxide Key active Vascular/bruising support agent | Phytonadione epoxide is an oxidized metabolite of vitamin K1 (phytonadione) sometimes included in topical skincare formulations marketed to support the appearance of bruises, dark circles, and visible capillaries. Clinical evidence for cosmetic efficacy is limited and largely extrapolated from topical vitamin K studies. |
| Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil Emollient / skin-conditioning oil | Sweet almond oil is a plant-derived emollient rich in oleic and linoleic acids that softens skin, reduces transepidermal water loss, and serves as a base or carrier oil in cosmetic formulations. It is valued for its skin-conditioning and occlusive properties rather than any specific therapeutic action. |
| Sodium Hyaluronate Humectant / hydrator | Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan that attracts and binds water to the skin to improve hydration and surface plumpness. Its lower molecular weight allows better penetration than native hyaluronic acid. |
| Caprylyl Methicone Emollient / spreading agent | Caprylyl Methicone is a volatile silicone fluid used in cosmetic formulations to provide a light, non-greasy, smooth skin feel and to enhance the spreadability of products. It also acts as a solvent and carrier for other ingredients, particularly in sunscreens and color cosmetics. |
| Behenyl Alcohol Emollient / Thickener | Behenyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol derived from behenic acid that functions as an emollient, thickening agent, and emulsion stabilizer in cosmetic and skincare formulations. It helps soften the skin and improve product texture and stability. |
| Pentylene Glycol Humectant / solvent / preservative-booster | Pentylene glycol is a glycol used in cosmetics as a humectant and solvent that also enhances the antimicrobial efficacy of formulations, helping reduce reliance on traditional preservatives. It improves skin hydration and aids the delivery and stability of other ingredients. |
| PEG-12 Dimethicone/PPG-20 Crosspolymer Silicone emulsifier/conditioning agent | PEG-12 Dimethicone/PPG-20 Crosspolymer is a silicone-based crosspolymer used in cosmetic formulations primarily as an emulsifier, emollient, and skin-conditioning agent. It helps stabilize emulsions and impart a smooth, silky feel to products. |
| Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate Humectant / hydrating agent | Hydrolyzed sodium hyaluronate is an enzymatically or chemically fragmented, low-molecular-weight form of sodium hyaluronate used in skincare to attract and bind water. Its smaller size allows better penetration into the upper layers of the skin compared to high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid, supporting surface hydration and a smoother appearance. |
| Carbomer Thickener / gelling agent | Carbomer is a synthetic high-molecular-weight polymer of acrylic acid used to thicken, stabilize, and control the viscosity of gels, creams, and lotions. It functions as a formulation aid rather than a therapeutic active. |
| Phenoxyethanol Preservative | Phenoxyethanol is a widely used broad-spectrum preservative that protects cosmetic and skincare formulations from bacterial and fungal contamination. It is typically used at concentrations up to 1% and serves as a formulation/base ingredient rather than an active treatment. |
| Hydroxyethylcellulose Thickener/viscosity modifier | Hydroxyethylcellulose is a non-ionic, water-soluble cellulose derivative used to thicken, stabilize, and adjust the texture of aqueous cosmetic formulations. It functions as a gelling and film-forming agent rather than providing a direct biological skin benefit. |
| Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 Film-forming/sensory-enhancing rheology modifier | Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 is a synthetic crosslinked acrylate polymer used in skincare and cosmetic formulations to provide a smooth, silky sensory feel, stabilize emulsions, and help form a light film on the skin. It is a formulation aid rather than a biologically active treatment ingredient. |
| Xanthan Gum Thickener/stabilizer | Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by bacterial fermentation, used in skincare as a thickening, gelling, and emulsion-stabilizing agent. It improves product texture and suspension of ingredients without contributing active treatment effects. |
Key active = does the main work. Ingredient explanations are drawn from public databases & literature.
Peer-reviewed papers on the active ingredients in this product, via PubMed.