Exfoliation refers to the removal of dead skin cells (corneocytes) from the surface of the skin, either through chemical agents (such as alpha- and beta-hydroxy acids or enzymes) or physical/mechanical means (such as scrubs). This process can improve skin texture, unclog pores, and promote a smoother, brighter appearance.
| Reported effect | How often | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Skin irritation, redness, or stinging | Common | Especially with chemical exfoliants or over-exfoliation; usually transient. |
| Dryness and flaking | Common | Removal of the outer barrier can reduce moisture retention. |
| Increased photosensitivity | Common | Particularly with AHAs; sunscreen use is advised. |
| Microtears or abrasion | Uncommon | More associated with harsh physical/mechanical exfoliants. |
| Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation | Uncommon | Can occur in darker skin types after irritation or aggressive exfoliation. |
| Contact dermatitis or allergic reaction | Rare | Reaction to specific exfoliating agents or additives. |
| Chemical burns | Rare | Linked to high-concentration acids or prolonged contact. |
Frequencies reflect typical cosmetic use reported in the literature, not a guarantee for your skin.